Reinforced Beam Column Corner Joints: Analytical and Experimental Study

Vol.1 No.2

Year: 2012

Issue: Jun-Aug

Title : Reinforced Beam Column Corner Joints: Analytical and Experimental Study   

Author Name: Manpreet Kaur, Roshan Lal                      

Synopsis:   

Beams and columns are the back bone of every structure. The principles of detailing and structural behavior are well established for simple structural members such as beams and columns. On the other hand, the detailing, strength and behavior of corner joints, especially those subjected to opening bending moments have not been conclusively investigated. The present work has, therefore, been planned to investigate the behavior of reinforced concrete corner joints with three detailing arrangements subjected to opening bending moment. The objective of this study is to investigate and identify the detailing system promising best structural performance and also to analytically analyze the selected detailing system by using finite element software ANSYS. Concrete is represented by eight nodded element and the reinforcement is represented by two nodded bar element embedded in the concrete elements. Newton-Raphson’s method is employed for the non-linear solution algorithm and a displacement criterion is adopted for checking the convergence of the solution. There is a good agreement between analytical and experimental results.

 

  

   

 

  

 

Non-Linear Transient Vibration Analysis of plates using Modified Linearization Technique

Vol.1 No.2

Year: 2012

Issue: Jun-Aug

Title: Non-Linear Transient Vibration Analysis of plates using Modified Linearization Technique   

Author Name: Rajesh Kumar   

Synopsis:   

A new numerical technique known as the multi-step transversal linearization (MTL), which is developed within a finite element framework is presented for non-linear transient behavior of isotropic and stiffened plates. In the MTL approach, the non-linear parts of the vector fields are converted to a set of equivalent and conditional forcing terms. These forcing terms are so constructed that the linearized vector field remains identical with the original one at a chosen set of discretization points distributed spatially across the domain of the problem. In the present work, Lagrangian interpolation functions are used to semi-discretize the non-linear part of the operator over the spatial domain. The conditionally linearized vector field thus constructed is transversal to the original vector field at all points of discretization. These operations finally result in a set of non-linear ordinary differential equations for the solution vector, which are solved using Newmark integration technique.

  

   

 

  

 

Studies On Plastic Mixed Concrete With Conventional Concrete

Vol.1 No.2

Year: 2012

Issue: Jun-Aug

Title : Studies On Plastic Mixed Concrete With Conventional Concrete   

Author Name: S.Elavenil, Akarsh M.R, S.Saravanan Subramanian.M   

Synopsis:    

Large quantity of waste plastic could be disposed in an environmental friendly manner. Currently, most researches are focused on determining a good way to eliminate waste by using it as alternative material in the applications of civil and industrial engineering. The waste plastic materials could be powdered and mixed with the concrete and used for fabrication of structural elements. Advanced composites such as fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) are promising and competitive materials that have great potential for use in high value added applications due to their superior characteristics in terms of high stiffness, low density and water absorption, high tensile strength, corrosion resistance and being used in a number of applications. The main aim of this study is to find out an environmental friendly way of disposing waste plastic by reusing principle and to study the behavior of plastic mixed concrete. In this study, the effective ways to reutilize the plastic waste particles as filler is analyzed. The strength characteristics of concrete containing recycled waste plastic material are determined.

  

   

 

  

 

Factors Important In Developing Regional Steel Corrosion Models

Vol.1 No.2

Year: 2012

Issue: Jun-Aug

Title : Factors Important In Developing Regional Steel Corrosion Models   

Author Name: Meghan O’ Dea, Frank C. Graham, Richard H. McCuen   

Synopsis:   

Existing models for predicting long-term corrosion rates are generally power models with exposure time as the independent variable, with separate models for steel type and environment (i.e., urban, rural, marine). An international data base, with data from eight countries (Belgium, France, Germany, Great Britain, Japan, South Africa, Sweden, and the U.S.), was analyzed to examine the effects of exposure time, sample replication, sample size, steel type, the angle and direction of exposure, and the environment. Four steel types were included in the data: A588, A242, copper, and carbon. The results indicate that a global model would not provide accurate predictions, but it was possible to regionalize data for central Europe. Replication of samples was shown to be important for some types of steels in urban and marine environments, but not important for rural environments. The duration of exposure is very important, with some exposure durations being much more important than others. North-facing specimens were shown to corrode more than those facing south, and vertical specimens corroded more than those exposed at an angle of 30°. The amount of corrosion varied with steel type, but less with the country in which the data were collected. These results indicate that corrosion model accuracy can be improved by accounting for these other factors.

 

   

 

  

 

Rehabilitation of Damaged Reinforced Concrete Structure –A Case Study

Vol.1 No.2

Year: 2012

Issue: Jun-Aug

Title : Rehabilitation of Damaged Reinforced Concrete Structure –A Case Study   

Author Name: Hanmant Jadhav, S.N. Patil   

Synopsis:   

This paper presents an assessment of damages caused due to deterioration of concrete and corrosion of reinforcement on account of leakage, ageing and environmental factors through non destructive tests1.The pre and post evaluation of rehabilitation was carried out through load tests. In this study, a60year old rectangular Reinforced Concrete (RC) water tank built over the terrace of the office building was investigated2. It exhibited some cracks and spalling of concrete at certain locations. Two beams and one column were subjected to corrosion of reinforcement and deterioration of concrete. During its service life, the maintenance and repair work of the tank was carried out periodically. Damaged beams and column were repaired by providing new reinforcement with cement grouting and polymer mortar. The deflections in the beam were measured at each stage of loading and unloading at regular intervals. These deflections were found within permissible limits and structural members were restored for their functional requirements3.

 

   

 

  

 

Seismic Analysis And The Influence Of Zone Factor Of A Multi Storey Hospital Building – A Case Study

Vol.1 No.1

Year: 2012

Issue: Mar-May

Title: Seismic Analysis And The Influence Of Zone Factor Of A Multi Storey Hospital Building – A Case Study   

Author Name: K. Subramanian, M.V. Subramanyam   

Synopsis:   

Earthquake on 26th January 2001 in Gujarat clearly demonstrated the earthquake vulnerability of India. Almost more than 60% of our land is vulnerable to earthquake of magnitude more than 7. This leads to the professionals to carry out the research on seismic forces that influence on the structures. This paper presents a detailed case study of an upcoming Ten Storey Hospital building analyzed in ETABS using Response Spectrum analysis of IS 1893 (Part1):2002. The proposed structural system for the hospital building consists of conventional beam, column and slab system with lift walls and walls around staircase acting as shear wall. Lateral Stability is provided by shear walls and columns. The upcoming building is proposed to construct in the Zone III region. Importance factor of 1.5 is considered for the structure considering its functionality. The case study discuss on the influence of various zone factors and the codal provisions, when the same building to be located in different regions. Ductile systems are taken in the study, where inelastic analysis procedures effectively account for several sources of force reduction. The earthquake ground acceleration in each direction is given as a digitized response-spectrum curve of pseudo- spectral acceleration response versus period of the structure. The peak response quantities such as member forces, displacements, storey forces, storey shears and base reactions shall be combined as per Complete Quadratic Combination method. The accidental eccentricity is given as direct input in all floor diaphragms. The dynamic analysis results such as modal participating mass ratios, response spectrum base reaction, storey shears, storey displacements and storey drifts are discussed in detail. Animated results of the displacement due to all modes along with their respective time period are displayed for more understanding of the structural behavior. First and Second modes are found to be in translation and third mode is of torsional mode, which is an acceptable solution to proceed with detailed design.

  

 

   

 

  

 

Finite Element Analysiss Of Composite Cylindrical Shells With And Without Cutouts

Vol.1 No.1

Year: 2012

Issue: Mar-May

Title: Finite Element Analysiss Of Composite Cylindrical Shells With And Without Cutouts   

Author Name: Siva Konda Reddy, Ch.Srikanth , G.Sandeep Kumar   

Synopsis:   

Laminated composite thin cylindrical shells are most widely used structural forms in Aerospace and Missile applications. These structures may experience axial compression loads in their longevity and yield to buckling. Furthermore, these structures usually have disruptions, such as cutouts, which may have adverse effects on their stability and  buckling loads of laminated cylinders can strongly depend on the stacking sequence & number of layers in a laminate. This paper investigates the effect of stacking, number of layers and size & positioning of cutouts on bucking load of a laminated cylindrical shell. ANSYS software is been used for analysis of cylindrical shells

 

   

 

  

 

Behavior Of 22m Two Tiered Geogrid Reinforced Soil Wall

Vol.1 No.1

Year: 2012

Issue: Mar-May

Title: Behavior Of 22m Two Tiered Geogrid Reinforced Soil Wall   

Author Name: ANKESH SHRIVASTAVA, D. Kishan                    

Synopsis:   

Two types of 22m Two Tiered and 44m Four Tiered high geogrid reinforced soil walls with same kinds of concrete block wall facing were constructed in Vijayawada Andhra Pradesh in which 22m high vertical reinforced soil wall with concrete block wall facing has been started and using for the transportation purpose. From the beginning of the 22m reinforced wall construction stage, wall displacement or strain of the geogrid, earth pressure, settlement of the foundation ground, etc. were measured for a long period of time. The long term behavior of the geogrid reinforced soil walls was evaluated based on these measurements and observations. This paper present a case history illustrate the use of finite-element procedure as a design aid for the design and analysis of 22m two tiered soil wall by software PLAXIS 8.2. The finite-element analysis provides relevant information on the mechanical behavior that was otherwise difficult to obtain from the limit-equilibrium based current design approaches.

  

 

  

 

Removal Of Chromium Using Natural Adsorbent

Vol.1 No.1

Year: 2012

Issue: Mar-May

Title: Removal Of Chromium Using Natural Adsorbent   

Author Name: Sagar M. Shinde, Shridhar S. Kumbhar   

Synopsis:   

In this present study, adsorption of Cr (VI) ions on tamarind tree bark adsorbent has been studied through using batch adsorption techniques. The main objectives of this study are to 1) investigate the chromium adsorption from aqueous solution by tamarind tree bark, 2) study the influence of pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, particle size and initial chromium concentration on adsorption process and 3) determine appropriate adsorption isotherm and kinetics parameters of Cr (VI) adsorption on tamarind tree bark. The various parameter’s were determined with the help of synthetic chromium sample and by using electroplating industrial wastewater sample, the parameters adsorbent dose, contact time and particle size were determined. The results show that higher Cr (VI) adsorption was observed at lower pH, and maximum Cr (VI) removal 97% obtained at pH value 1.0 with 30 minutes contact time, adsorbent dose 3.75g/l of particle size 150µ and 5mg/l initial Cr (VI) concentration. The adsorption of Cr (VI) by tamarind tree bark powder decreased at the higher initial chromium concentration. The adsorption of Cr (VI) by tamarind tree bark powder increased with increase in adsorbent dose and decrease in size of adsorbent. The obtained results showed that the adsorption of Cr (VI) by tamarind tree bark follows Freundlich isotherm. The results indicate that tamarind tree bark can be employed as a low cost alternative to commercial adsorbents in the removal of Cr (VI) from wastewater.

 

  

 

Optimum Stacking Sequence Design of a Blended Laminated Wing Structure Using Permutation Genetic Algorithms

Vol.1 No.1

Year: 2012

Issue: Mar-May

Title: Optimum Stacking Sequence Design of a Blended Laminated Wing Structure Using Permutation Genetic Algorithms  

Author Name: Dianzi liu, V.V. Toropov, D.C. Barton  

Synopsis:   

The smeared stiffness-based method is examined for finding the best stacking sequence of laminated composite wing structures in a bi-level optimization process with blending and manufacturing constraints. At the global level optimization, the numbers of plies of the pre-defined angles (0, 90, 45 and -45 degrees) are design variables, buckling, strain and ply angle percentages are constraints and the weight is the objective function. Since the permutation Genetic Algorithm (permGA) operator changes the stacking sequence without changing the composition of the laminate in the composite laminate optimization problem, a permGA is an ideal tool to shuffle the plies to minimize the difference between the values of computed lamination parameters for a current stack and the ones coming from the top level, for which the lamination parameters are zeros due to homogeneity throughout the thickness of the laminate assumed in the top level optimization. This is embedded into an easy and efficient blending procedure applied at this level to achieve the global ply continuity. This multi-stage local optimization by permGAs is demonstrated by the optimization of the root part of a generic aircraft wing structure.

 

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Editorial Board Members -Structural Engineering:

Editorial Board Members _ Journal on School Educational Technology_ 2012

S.  No	Authors	Designation	Email Id
1.	Samuel Securro	Faculty, Marshall university graduate center, Graduate school of Education and professional Development, south Charleston, USA.	securro@marshall.edu
2.	James E Osler	Associate Professor, Lead faculty, The graduate program in online instructional design, Department of Research, leadership, and Technology, North Carolina Central University, USA.	josler@NCCU.EDU
3.	Dr. Noor Azina Ismail	Associate Professor, Applied Statistics, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya	nazina@um.edu.my or noor_azina@hotmail.com
4.	Chie Castolo	Director, School of open learning & Distance Education, Open university System, polytechnic university of the Philippines, Anonas street, Sta.Mesa, manila city, Philippines.	direk_ou@yahoo.com
5.	Dr. R. Krishna Kumar	Professor of Education, Department of Education, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Cuddalore Dist.	orkayedn@gmail.com
6.	Dr. William Dharma Raja	Assistant Professor of Education, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, India.	widh07@yahoo.com
7.	Dr. Irshad Hussain	Professor, Department of Education, The Islamia university of Bahawalpur, Pakistan.	irshad_iub@yahoo.com
8.	Sally Blake	Early childhood Education, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN	SBlake@flagler.edu
9.	James E. Folkestad	Associate Professor, Colorado State university, School of Educationa, School of Teacher Education and Principal preparation fort Collins, USA.	James.Folkestad@ColoState.EDU
10.	Dr. Singaravelu Govindarajan	Associate Professor ,UGC-Academic Staff College Bharathiar University Coimbatore	singaravelu.bu@gmail.com
11.	Dr. Tie Hui Hui	SEGi College Penang, Malaysia	tiehuihui@gmail.com